Swarm intelligence draws inspiration from collective behaviours observed in biological groups—such as flocks of birds or colonies of insects—and applies decentralised control principles to coordinate ...

As cities worldwide accelerate toward electrification and decarbonization, the convergence of distributed energy resources and electric mobility is reshaping the architecture of modern power systems.

Researchers have suggested to use a hybrid version of the so-called salp swarm algorithm (SSA) algorithm for maximum power point tracking in PV systems operating under highly fluctuating environmental ...